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www.anzactour.com
Anzac
day Dawn service Gallipoli tours. All around daily Gallipoli & Troy
Tours, Istanbul sightseeing tours
Pre/Post Accommodation in Istanbul during Anzac Day. Troy, Pergamon, Ephesus tours, travel services in
Istanbul and all around Turkey. Anzac Day 2009 Tours from GBP 49
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Ali
Hoca
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Bahtiyar (Imren)
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Ali
THY
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Beginnings of the Memorial Day
ANZAC
Day - 25 April - marks the anniversary of the first major military action
fought by Australian and New Zealand forces during the First World War. The
acronym (ANZAC) stands for Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, whose soldiers
quickly became known as ANZACs themselves. The pride they took in that name
endures to this day, and ANZAC Day remains one of Australia and New Zealand's
most important national occasions.
When war broke out in 1914, Australia had been a
Federal Commonwealth for only thirteen years, and the new National
Government was eager to establish its reputation among the nations of the
world. In 1915, Australian and New Zealand soldiers formed part of the
Allied expedition that set out to capture the Gallipoli Peninsula to
open the way to the Black Sea for the Allied navies. The plan was to
capture Istanbul, capital of the Ottoman Empire and an ally of Germany.
They landed at Gallipoli on 25 April, meeting fierce resistance from the
Turkish defenders. What had been planned as a bold strike to knock Turkey
out of the war quickly became a stale-mate, and the campaign dragged on for
eight months. At the end of 1915, the Allied forces were evacuated after
both sides had suffered heavy casualties and endured great hardships. Over
8,000 Australian and 2,700 New Zealand soldiers died. News of the landing
at Gallipoli made a profound impact on Australians and New Zealanders at
home and 25 April quickly became the day on which they remembered the
sacrifice of those who had died in war.
Though the Gallipoli campaign failed in its military
objectives of capturing Istanbul and knocking Turkey out of the war, the
Australian and New Zealand troops' actions during the campaign bequeathed
an intangible but powerful legacy. The creation of what became known as an
"ANZAC legend" became an important part of the national identity
in both countries. This shaped the ways they viewed both their past and
their future.
On 30 April 1915, when the first news of the landing
reached New Zealand, a half-day holiday was declared and impromptu services
were held. The following year a public holiday was gazetted
on 5 April and services to
commemorate were organised by the returned
servicemen.
The date, 25 April, was officially named ANZAC Day in
1916; in that year it was marked by a wide variety of ceremonies and
services in Australia and New Zealand, a march through London, and a sports
day for the Australian and New Zealand soldiers in Egypt. In London, over
2,000 Australian and New Zealand troops marched through the streets of the
city. A London newspaper headline dubbed them "The Knights of
Gallipoli". Marches were held all over Australia in 1916; wounded
soldiers from Gallipoli attended the Sydney march in convoys of cars,
accompanied by nurses. Over 2,000 people attended the service in Rotorua. For the
remaining years of the war, ANZAC Day was used as an occasion for patriotic
rallies and recruiting campaigns, and parades of serving members of the AIF
were held in most cities. From 1916 onwards, in both Australia and New
Zealand, ANZAC services were held on or about 25 April, mainly organised by returned servicemen and school children in
cooperation with local authorities.
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ANZAC Day was gazetted as a public holiday in New
Zealand in 1921, after lobbying by the Royal New Zealand Returned and Services'
Association,
the RSA.[2] In Australia at
the 1921 State Premiers' Conference, it was decided that ANZAC Day would be
observed on 25 April each year.
However, it was not observed uniformly in all the States.
One of the traditions of ANZAC Day is the 'gunfire
breakfast' (coffee with rum added), which occurs shortly after many
dawn ceremonies.
During the 1920s, ANZAC Day became established as a
National Day of Commemoration for the 60,000 Australians and 18,000 New
Zealanders who died during the war. The first year in which all the States
observed some form of public holiday together on ANZAC Day was 1927. By the
mid-1930s, all the rituals now associated with the day — dawn vigils,
marches, memorial services, reunions, sly two-up games — were
firmly established as part of Australian ANZAC Day culture. New Zealand
commemorations also adopted many of these rituals, with the dawn service
being introduced from Australia in 1939.[2]
With the coming of the Second World War, ANZAC Day
became a day on which to commemorate the lives of Australians and New
Zealanders lost in that war as well and in subsequent years, the meaning of
the day has been further broadened to include those killed in all the
military operations in which the countries have been involved.
ANZAC Day was first commemorated at the Australian
War Memorial in 1942, but due to government orders preventing large public
gatherings in case of Japanese air attack; it was a small affair and was
neither a march nor a memorial service. ANZAC Day has been annually
commemorated at the Australian War Memorial ever since.
Australians and New Zealanders recognise
25 April as a ceremonial occasion. Commemorative services are held at dawn,
the time of the original landing, across both nations. Later in the day,
ex-servicemen and women meet and join in marches through the major cities
and many smaller centers. Commemorative ceremonies are held at war
memorials around both countries. It is a day when Australians and New Zealanders
reflect on the many different meanings of war.
Dawn Service
The dawn service on ANZAC Day has become a solemn Australian
and New Zealand tradition. It is taken for granted as part of the ANZAC
ethos and few wonder how it all started. Its story, as it were, is buried
in a small cemetery carved out of the bush some kilometres
outside the northern Queensland town of Herberton.
Almost paradoxically, one grave stands out by its simplicity. It is covered
by protective white-washed concrete slab with a plain
cement cross at its top end. No epitaph recalls even the name of the
deceased. The inscription on the cross is a mere two words - "A
Priest".
No person would identify the grave as that of a dedicated clergyman who
created the Dawn Service, without the simple marker placed next to the
grave only in recent times. It reads:
"Adjacent to, and on the right of this marker, lies the grave of the
late Reverend Arthur Ernest White, a Church of England clergyman and padre,
44th Battalion, First Australian Imperial Force. On 25th April 1923, at
Albany in Western Australia, the Reverend White led a party of friends in
what was the first-ever observance of a Dawn Service on ANZAC Day, thus
establishing a tradition which has endured, Australia wide ever since."
Reverend White was serving as one of the padres of the earliest ANZACs to
leave Australia with the First AIF in November 1914. The convoy was
assembled in the Princess Royal Harbour and King
George Sound at Albany WA. Before embarkation, at four in the morning, he
conducted a service for all the men of the battalion. When Reverend White
returned to Australia in 1919, he was appointed receiving Rector of the St
John's Church in Albany. It was a strange coincidence that the starting
point of the AIF convoys should now become his parish.
No doubt it must have been the memory of his first dawn service those many
years earlier and his experiences overseas, combined with the awesome cost
of lives and injuries, which inspired him to honour
permanently the valiant men (both living and the dead) who had joined the
fight for the Allied cause. "Albany", he is quoted to have said,
"was the last sight of land these ANZAC troops saw after leaving
Australian shores and some of them never returned. We should hold a service
(here) at the first light of dawn each ANZAC Day to commemorate them."
So on ANZAC Day 1923 he came to hold the first commemorative dawn service.
As the sun was rising, a man in a small dinghy cast a wreath into King
George Sound while Reverend White, with a band of about 20 men gathered
around him on the summit of nearby Mount Clarence, silently watched the
wreath floating out to sea. He then quietly recited the words: "As the
sun rises and goeth down, we will remember
them". All present were deeply moved and news of the Ceremony soon
spread throughout the country; and the various Returned
Service Communities Australia wide emulated the ceremony.
After
the First World War, returned soldiers sought the comradeship they felt in
those quiet, peaceful moments before dawn. With symbolic links to the dawn
landing at Gallipoli, a dawn stand-to or dawn ceremony became a common form
of ANZAC Day remembrance during the 1920s. The first official dawn service
was held at the Sydney Cenotaph in 1927. Dawn services were originally very
simple and followed the operational ritual; in many cases they were
restricted to veterans only. The daytime ceremony was for families and
other well-wishers and the dawn service was for returned soldiers to
remember and reflect among the comrades with whom they shared a special
bond. Before dawn the gathered veterans would be ordered to
"stand-to" and two minutes of silence would follow. At the end of
this time a lone bugler would play "The Last Post" and then
concluded the service with "Reveille". In more
recent times the families and young people have been encouraged to take
part in dawn services, and services in Australian capital cities have seen
some of the largest turnouts ever. Reflecting this change, the ceremonies
have become more elaborate, incorporating hymns, readings, pipers and rifle
volleys. Others, though, have retained the simple format of the dawn
stand-to, familiar to so many soldiers.
Each year the commemorations follow a pattern that is
familiar to generations of Australians. A typical ANZAC Day service
contains the following features: introduction, hymn, prayer, an address,
lying of wreaths, recitation, the playing of "The Last Post", a
minute of silence, "Reveille", and the playing of both New
Zealand and Australian national anthems. At the Australian War Memorial,
following events such as the ANZAC Day and Remembrance Day services,
families often place red poppies beside the names of relatives on the Memorial's
Roll of Honour. In Australia sprigs of rosemary
are often worn on lapels and in New Zealand poppies have taken on this
role.
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Yesilyurt
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Huseyin (Cappadocia)
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I
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Nakkas
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Ilkay
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Baskomser
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Ismail
Fatura
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Izzet Oracle
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K
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Rodos feribot
servisi
Siteler Mah. 212 Sok No :7/1 48700 Marmaris - TURKEY
+90 252 417 11 28 - 417 11 69 Fax : +90 252 417 07 14
www.marmarisInfo
E-mail : bookings@marmarisinfo.com
Midilli'ye şimdilerde Ayvalık'tan her gün, Dikili'den haftada bir gün feribot
kalkıyor. Önümüzdeki
günlerde Foça ve Altınoluk'tan da seferler planlanıyor. Adada turistik konaklama yerleri, organize tatil köyleri ve otellerden, zirai turizm birimlerine kadar çok çeşitlilik
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düzenli sefer yapan şehiriçi ve şehirlerarası otobüs işletmeleri, taksi servisi ve oto kiralama
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Fethiye tekne turu
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Bodrum Turkbuku Kaktus cicegi Hotel Tomris & Meltem Berzek
0252-3775254
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Bodrum Yalıkavak Taskule Hotel Hulya Hanım 0252-385 4935
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